Syntax (النحو) · intermediate
Case Endings (I'rab) · الإعراب
The vowel endings that show grammatical function
2 Quran examples
Arabic nouns change their endings based on grammatical function. This is called الإعراب (iʿrāb).
Three Cases:
1. **Nominative (مرفوع - Marfūʿ):** ـُ (damma) - for subjects
2. **Accusative (منصوب - Manṣūb):** ـَ (fatha) - for objects
3. **Genitive (مجرور - Majrūr):** ـِ (kasra) - after prepositions
With Tanwin (indefinite):
In the Quran· tap the reference to open the verse
Tips to remember
- 1ٱللَّهَ (accusative) after إنَّ vs ٱللَّهِ (genitive) after بِ
- 2غَفُورٌ has tanwin because it is indefinite and nominative