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Arabic grammar · النحو والصرف

15 rules that unlock most verses.

Particles, pronouns, sentence structure and word forms, each explained with a Quranic example you already know. One rule at a time; no textbook.

15 rules · 4 categoriesEvery rule shown inside a verse

Particlesالحروف

4 rules
The Definite Article (Al)أل التعريفbeginner

The prefix "ال" makes a noun definite (the)

ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَAll praise is for Allah, Lord of the worlds1:2 →
1 more example · 2 tipsOpen rule
Preposition Ba (With/By)حرف الباءbeginner

The preposition "ب" means with, by, or in

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِIn the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful1:1 →
1 more example · 2 tipsOpen rule
Preposition Min (From)حرف مِنbeginner

The preposition "مِن" means from or of

غَيْرِ ٱلْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْNot of those who have earned anger1:7 →
1 more example · 2 tipsOpen rule
Emphasis Particle Innaإنَّ وأخواتهاintermediate

"إنَّ" emphasizes a statement (indeed/verily)

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟Indeed, those who disbelieved2:6 →
1 more example · 2 tipsOpen rule

Pronounsالضمائر

3 rules
Attached Pronounsالضمائر المتصلةbeginner

Pronouns that attach to verbs, nouns, and particles

إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُYou alone we worship, and You alone we ask for help1:5 →
2 more examples · 3 tipsOpen rule
Demonstrative Pronounsأسماء الإشارةbeginner

Words like this, that, these, those

ذَٰلِكَ ٱلْكِتَـٰبُ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِThis is the Book about which there is no doubt2:2 →
1 more example · 2 tipsOpen rule
Relative Pronounsالأسماء الموصولةintermediate

Words like who, which, that

ٱلَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِٱلْغَيْبِThose who believe in the unseen2:3 →
1 more example · 2 tipsOpen rule

Syntax (Nahw)النحو

4 rules
Nominal Sentenceالجملة الاسميةbeginner

Sentences that begin with a noun (subject + predicate)

ٱللَّهُ نُورُ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِAllah is the Light of the heavens and the earth24:35 →
1 more example · 2 tipsOpen rule
Verbal Sentenceالجملة الفعليةbeginner

Sentences that begin with a verb

خَلَقَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَAllah created the heavens and the earth29:44 →
1 more example · 2 tipsOpen rule
Case Endings (I'rab)الإعرابintermediate

The vowel endings that show grammatical function

إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌIndeed, Allah is Forgiving, Merciful2:173 →
1 more example · 2 tipsOpen rule
Possessive Construction (Idafa)الإضافةintermediate

Two nouns joined to show possession (X of Y)

رَبِّ ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَLord of the worlds1:2 →
1 more example · 2 tipsOpen rule

Morphology (Sarf)الصرف

4 rules
Verb Forms (Awzan)أوزان الفعلintermediate

The 10 main verb patterns in Arabic

أَنزَلَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءًHe sent down from the sky rain2:22 →
1 more example · 2 tipsOpen rule
The Root Systemنظام الجذورbeginner

Most Arabic words come from 3-letter roots

ذَٰلِكَ ٱلْكِتَـٰبُ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِThis is the Book about which there is no doubt2:2 →
1 more example · 2 tipsOpen rule
Noun Genderالمذكر والمؤنثbeginner

Arabic nouns are masculine or feminine

إِنَّ رَحْمَتَ ٱللَّهِ قَرِيبٌIndeed, Allah's mercy is near7:56 →
1 more example · 2 tipsOpen rule
Noun Number (Singular/Dual/Plural)المفرد والمثنى والجمعbeginner

Arabic distinguishes singular, dual (two), and plural

رَبِّ ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَLord of the worlds1:2 →
1 more example · 2 tipsOpen rule